sábado, 22 de janeiro de 2011

Global Crude Steel Production

Global crude steel production touched a new record in 2010, driven by growth in emerging regions and improving manufacturing in the developed world, although the construction sector remained gloomy.

Global production rose 15% to 1.414 billion tonnes in 2010 from 1.327 billion in 2008 and 1.229 billion in 2008, according to data released by the World Steel Association on Friday:

Global crude steel production
País
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
20101
01
China
182.249
222.413
280.486
355.790
422.660
489.899
500.488
567.842
625.000
02
Japan
107.745
110.511
112.718
112.471
116.226
120.203
118.738
87.534
109.553
03
USA
91.587
93.677
99.681
94.897
98.557
98.102
91.490
58.142
80.000
04
Russia
59.777
61.450
65.583
66.146
70.830
72.387
68.510
59.940
65.000
05
South Korea
45.390
46.310
47.521
47.820
48.455
51.517
53.488
48.598
61.000
06
Germany
45.015
44.809
46.374
44.524
47.224
48.550
45.833
32.671
45.000
07
Ukraine
34.050
36.932
38.738
38.641
40.891
42.830
37.107
29.757
33.000
08
Indian
28.814
31.779
32.626
45.780
49.450
53.080
55.050
56.608
66.200
09
Brazil
29.604
31.147
32.909
31.610
30.901
33.782
33.713
26.507
32.000
10
Italy
26.066
27.058
28.604
29.350
31.624
31.553
30.477
19.737
26.000

 The production data is better than people could expect in the aftermath of the crisis in 2009

said Anthony de Carvalho, administrator on the steel committee at the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

The economic stimulus programmes (undertaken by governments) indirectly helped the steel industry. But many countries are still below pre-recession levels”.

Asia and other developing countries drove the growth and reached record production levels, while output in Western economies lagged behind 2008's levels as growth remained fragile and the construction sector was hit hard, analysts said.

Production in China, the world's largest steel producer, rose 9.3 percent to 626.7 million tonnes on the previous year, but its share of global production fell to 44.3% from 46.7% in 2009.

Analysts said China's growth was strong but hampered by electricity cuts in the last part of 2010, analysts said.

China had problems trying to meet environmental requirements

said Peter Fish, managing director at MEPS, a steel information provider.

But the Chinese could not grow 20% or 30% like some other countries, because in 2009, when everyone else took a dip, China didn't”.

Chinese steel production is expected to grow but at a slower rate in 2011, closer to 5% versus 7-8% growth in India, Fisher forecast.

China

As China's economy grows, the authorities are likely to turn to monetary policy to contain inflation, and this could affect steel demand, according to analysts.

We do think that a tighter monetary policy in China will slow down steel consumption and this will start to kick in in the second half of 2011

said Chris Houden, analyst at CRU.

Japan, the world's second-largest steel producer, enjoyed 25.2% growth in 2010 to 109.6 million tonnes versus 2009. Its exports have got a boost from growth in neighbouring economies such as China and Korea, according to De Carvalho.

EU and U.S. steel production grew rapidly but from a lower base. Production in the European Union grew by 24.6% to 172.9 million tonnes and in the United States by 38.5% to 80.6 million.

These countries are still struggling with overcapacity, analysts said.

“(Capacity) utilization is picking up from low levels, but the question is: Will producers keep production low to get price increases?

said UBS analyst Andrew Snowdowne.

While steel production in emerging economies will continue to grow to record levels, it may take developed countries a few more years to go back to pre-crisis levels given the fragile state of their economies, analysts said.

Brazil

The production in scale is the main vulnerability of the Brazilian steel for the competition in his own market due to the competition to have stopped being local to be global. This aspect turns necessary that the economical politics and tax Brazilian is reviewed, as well as the production. For his shift no there is as choosing as priority the internal market to the detriment of the external, or the opposite; the competition is global. Alan Greenspan in his book “the Era of the Turbulence” demonstrated that very well in the USA in the decade of 1960, when the manufacturers of automobiles had to seek new sources of provisioning: 
 
“Until then, the United States didn't import a lot of steel, because the conventional wisdom suggested that the steel industries foreigners were not to the height of the American quality patterns. But, when the strike of 1959 reached his second and later third month, the manufacturers of automobiles and other great customers had to seek other sources of provisioning. And, then, they discovered that it leaves of the originating from steel Europe and of Japan it was of first category and, still for top, cheaper”.

The trader and lawyer Rinaldo Maciel de Freitas considers the Institute Steel Brazil, for the acronym IABr, a condominium of thieves and, in judge's Luiz Fernando Boller, o words that IABr - Institute Steel Brazil search is:  
 
“... to impede the free market competition, confronting the Federal Constitution, reducing the free activity exercise the all allowed, even if before the submission to the rules of the competition. The opening of the national ports for imports and exports imposes their positive and negative effects on the totality of the national reality, from the production of grains and victuals in general, until the industry of the clothing, electronic etc., not having law to guarantee for the institute and their associates, a captive, submissive and slave national market, so that here he can practice the price that better it suits him” (TJSC - Tribunal of Justice of Santa Catarina - Process nº 2010.073993-7 - Judge Luiz Fernando Boller - 06/11/2010).

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